A developmental approach to sleep training: The highlights

Approximately half of the readers of this blog continue to be parents struggling with sleep-deprivation due to young children's whacky sleep habits. Although we haven't been focusing so much on sleep issues in the last couple of months, I wanted to reassure those readers that I WILL keep posting questions and research on the subject over the course of the next few weeks/months. I also wanted to urge readers who are most concerned about sleep (or "obsessed" or "consumed by" or "frantic about") that there's about 6 months worth of archived information about all sorts of sleep-related issues (the first 6 months are entirely focused on sleep). Please check them out: there are readers' questions, my answers to those questions and comments in response, and there's TONS of research that's reviewed in those early posts. 

Also, since the US edition of Bedtiming has come out in the last month, I've had a few emails requesting more information about our approach: What's different about this book? What's our parenting philosophy? What method of sleep-training do I most strongly advocate? (People have a VERY hard time with my answer: It depends). So, in a nutshell, here are the 10 main points that we discuss in the book (this was one of my first blog posts, so a few of you might have read them already). 

1. Timing is everything: No matter what method of sleep training you use, it is more likely to succeed at particular developmental stages, and more likely to fail at others. The vast majority of children follow a predictable developmental schedule of emotional and cognitive changes in the first 5 years of life.

2. The best times for sleep training are neither early nor late. Many people assume that getting sleep training over with before the child gets too clever or too entrenched in nighttime habits is the best approach. Others assume that waiting until the attachment bond is strong and/or kids are more independent is important. Both are wrong. The best stages to sleep-train follow a pendulum swing from one age to the next, with difficult periods interspersed between periods of relative ease.

3. Stages that make it harder to sleep-train are those of heightened emotional vulnerability. In these predictable periods, your child will be more dependent, vulnerable, or prone to separation distress, jealousy or shame.

4. Stages that make it easier to sleep-train are when your child is less emotionally sensitive. For an infant, these are periods she is more interested in the nonsocial world of objects, actions, and locomotion, and less concerned with other people. Resilient periods in toddlerhood are when children are not feeling compelled to assess parents' availability, attention, and affection, when they don't need to define their own territories or intentions through defiance, when they are less prone to jealousy and shame and when they are more concerned with winning approval than testing limits.

5. Most sleep-training methods are equally effective. There are at least half a dozen popular sleep-training methods, ranging from "cry it out" to "gentle no-cry solutions." None have been proven more effective than another so pick something that feels right for you. That means go with a method that seems to match your parenting philosophy or approach in general. Ultimately, you have to live with your parenting choices and you know your child best.

6. There are some ages at which particular methods are likely to work better than others. If you understand the emotional vulnerabilities and strengths that characterize each developmental stage, you will be better equipped to match a sleep-training method with your child’s age.

7. Pick a method you know you can stick with. That means apply the method consistently, and do so for at least a week.

8. Things often get worse before they get better. Children already have sleep habits when we decide to sleep train them. Breaking those habits may involve some disruption, disorganization, or outright rebellion on the part of your baby or toddler. As a result your child may sleep less or wake more frequently before she settles into a new routine.

9. Sleep training is often not a one-shot deal. Even after your child learns to sleep through the night, sleep setbacks can occur at (predictably) difficult ages, requiring parents to think about what's different and how to re-implement effective sleep training.

10. A family that is getting enough sleep, is a happy, healthy family. Mothers in particular often feel guilty about sleep training because of messages from the media, friends and family (including fellow mothers, unfortunately) that their first and only priority should be their child’s happiness. Parents who are considering sleep training for reasons beyond just the well-being of their child (gasp!) are not only perfectly normal, but are doing the right thing. A sleep-deprived child is a cranky, inattentive one who will have a tougher time learning and socializing. A sleep-deprived parent is often irritable, angry, depressed and ineffective. A well-rested mother and a well-rested child will both be happier, healthier, more alert and more affectionate.

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Tune in Monday for a new Parenting Challenge. And if you're joining us (or still want to join us) for the first challenge, by all means come by last Monday's comments section and share your ups and downs with us. It's been a GREAT week of generating new ideas and problem-solving together and the weekend is bound to be full of new "opportunities" (ahem…) to pretend-play our kids into complying with all our wishes (Bwahahahahaha!).

3 thoughts on “A developmental approach to sleep training: The highlights

  1. I just got my copy of Bedtiming, and am enjoying the developmental background section right now.
    I love the handy “cheat sheet” at the front, too. I’m planning on taking care of the 3-3.5 year old window of opportunity to try to teach my older daughter to fall asleep without my hair. The baby is a much better sleeper than her sister was, but recently (she’s 4 months old) started waking up 2x a night. I’m hoping she sorts this out on her own, but if she doesn’t, that 6-8 month window is looking really promising…
    I have a question, though- even though we’re in a “bad” period for real training, do you think we’d have any luck in switching soothing methods for one of her wake ups? My gut is telling me that she doesn’t really need to eat at her first wake up (which she skips some nights), so I’m thinking of having my husband try to bounce her to soothe her back to sleep. But this feels a bit like nightweaning, which I never would have thought I’d contemplate doing with a 4 month old, so I’m stuck arguing with myself about what to do. Opinions?
    (If it matters, the baby falls asleep on her own when we put her down for the night- I know, I’m the luckiest mom ever- and soothes herself through some restless patches in the night, just not all of them.)

  2. @Cloud: Ah yes, as you well know, that 4-month patch is a predictable bump in the road. I would say give it a try with the new soothing method. You’ll know pretty quickly if it’s not going to work. You’re not dramatically shifting any big expectations (or at least so it seems at this point). It sounds like she’s already a very good self-soother, so there’s no harm in trying. You’ll get your answer in a few days of trying and if it doesn’t work, then you’ll have a pretty good sense of why and you can try again in a couple of months. And you can think of it as trying to train her little tummy to eat more during OTHER periods, so that she can get some longer stretches of sleep during the first chunk of the night (rather than thinking of it as nightweaning, which is such a loaded process). Good luck and I’d love to hear how it goes, if you get the chance to update us.

  3. A great post. Its good to hear someone place some emphasis on the psychological state of your child and timing. Any sleep training method that assumes that the ONLY reason a child can not or will not sleep is due to an inability to self soothe can be dangerous. I do believe that graduated extinction with parental presence is almost certainly kinder than graduated extinction alone.

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